After over 2 years of deliberation, a new law “to control immigration and improve integration”, promised by Emmanuel Macron during his 2022 campaign, was finally passed on the cusp of the festive season.

The problem for the President has been that he has lacked a parliamentary majority, and his own party are divided over the issue, so the debate has been interminable one, as the government sought to obtain a consensus to see the measure through.